Evaluation of Arctic sea ice thickness simulated by Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison Project models
Identifieur interne : 001437 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001436; suivant : 001438Evaluation of Arctic sea ice thickness simulated by Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison Project models
Auteurs : Mark Johnson [États-Unis] ; Andrey Proshutinsky [États-Unis] ; Yevgeny Aksenov [Royaume-Uni] ; An T. Nguyen [États-Unis] ; Ron Lindsay [États-Unis] ; Christian Haas [Canada] ; Jinlun Zhang [États-Unis] ; Nikolay Diansky [Russie] ; Ron Kwok [États-Unis] ; Wieslaw Maslowski [États-Unis] ; Sirpa H Kkinen [États-Unis] ; Igor Ashik [Russie] ; Beverly De Cuevas [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2012-08.
Abstract
Six Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison Project model simulations are compared with estimates of sea ice thickness derived from pan‐Arctic satellite freeboard measurements (2004–2008); airborne electromagnetic measurements (2001–2009); ice draft data from moored instruments in Fram Strait, the Greenland Sea, and the Beaufort Sea (1992–2008) and from submarines (1975–2000); and drill hole data from the Arctic basin, Laptev, and East Siberian marginal seas (1982–1986) and coastal stations (1998–2009). Despite an assessment of six models that differ in numerical methods, resolution, domain, forcing, and boundary conditions, the models generally overestimate the thickness of measured ice thinner than ∼2 m and underestimate the thickness of ice measured thicker than about ∼2 m. In the regions of flat immobile landfast ice (shallow Siberian Seas with depths less than 25–30 m), the models generally overestimate both the total observed sea ice thickness and rates of September and October ice growth from observations by more than 4 times and more than one standard deviation, respectively. The models do not reproduce conditions of fast ice formation and growth. Instead, the modeled fast ice is replaced with pack ice which drifts, generating ridges of increasing ice thickness, in addition to thermodynamic ice growth. Considering all observational data sets, the better correlations and smaller differences from observations are from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, Phase II and Pan‐Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System models.
Url:
DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007257
Affiliations:
- Canada, Royaume-Uni, Russie, États-Unis
- Alaska, Californie, District fédéral central, Maryland, Massachusetts, Washington (État)
- Moscou, Seattle
- Université de Washington
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Nguyen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindsay, Ron" sort="Lindsay, Ron" uniqKey="Lindsay R" first="Ron" last="Lindsay">Ron Lindsay</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Haas, Christian" sort="Haas, Christian" uniqKey="Haas C" first="Christian" last="Haas">Christian Haas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Alberta</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Jinlun" sort="Zhang, Jinlun" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jinlun" last="Zhang">Jinlun Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Polar Science Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Washington (État)</region><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Washington</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Diansky, Nikolay" sort="Diansky, Nikolay" uniqKey="Diansky N" first="Nikolay" last="Diansky">Nikolay Diansky</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Moscou</settlement><region>District fédéral central</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kwok, Ron" sort="Kwok, Ron" uniqKey="Kwok R" first="Ron" last="Kwok">Ron Kwok</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maslowski, Wieslaw" sort="Maslowski, Wieslaw" uniqKey="Maslowski W" first="Wieslaw" last="Maslowski">Wieslaw Maslowski</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Oceanography, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="H Kkinen, Sirpa" sort="H Kkinen, Sirpa" uniqKey="H Kkinen S" first="Sirpa" last="H Kkinen">Sirpa H Kkinen</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ashik, Igor" sort="Ashik, Igor" uniqKey="Ashik I" first="Igor" last="Ashik">Igor Ashik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Russie</country><wicri:regionArea>Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>St. Petersburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Cuevas, Beverly" sort="De Cuevas, Beverly" uniqKey="De Cuevas B" first="Beverly" last="De Cuevas">Beverly De Cuevas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, Southampton</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Southampton</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Geophys. Res.</title><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-08">2012-08</date><biblScope unit="volume">117</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">C8</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="/">n/a</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="/">n/a</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></series><idno type="istex">56C7D29CA0C4D3748A2249DB05E23CB022F492A8</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/2011JC007257</idno><idno type="ArticleID">2011JC007257</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Six Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison Project model simulations are compared with estimates of sea ice thickness derived from pan‐Arctic satellite freeboard measurements (2004–2008); airborne electromagnetic measurements (2001–2009); ice draft data from moored instruments in Fram Strait, the Greenland Sea, and the Beaufort Sea (1992–2008) and from submarines (1975–2000); and drill hole data from the Arctic basin, Laptev, and East Siberian marginal seas (1982–1986) and coastal stations (1998–2009). Despite an assessment of six models that differ in numerical methods, resolution, domain, forcing, and boundary conditions, the models generally overestimate the thickness of measured ice thinner than ∼2 m and underestimate the thickness of ice measured thicker than about ∼2 m. In the regions of flat immobile landfast ice (shallow Siberian Seas with depths less than 25–30 m), the models generally overestimate both the total observed sea ice thickness and rates of September and October ice growth from observations by more than 4 times and more than one standard deviation, respectively. The models do not reproduce conditions of fast ice formation and growth. Instead, the modeled fast ice is replaced with pack ice which drifts, generating ridges of increasing ice thickness, in addition to thermodynamic ice growth. Considering all observational data sets, the better correlations and smaller differences from observations are from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, Phase II and Pan‐Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System models.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Russie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Alaska</li><li>Californie</li><li>District fédéral central</li><li>Maryland</li><li>Massachusetts</li><li>Washington (État)</li></region><settlement><li>Moscou</li><li>Seattle</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Washington</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Alaska"><name sortKey="Johnson, Mark" sort="Johnson, Mark" uniqKey="Johnson M" first="Mark" last="Johnson">Mark Johnson</name></region><name sortKey="H Kkinen, Sirpa" sort="H Kkinen, Sirpa" uniqKey="H Kkinen S" first="Sirpa" last="H Kkinen">Sirpa H Kkinen</name><name sortKey="Johnson, Mark" sort="Johnson, Mark" uniqKey="Johnson M" first="Mark" last="Johnson">Mark Johnson</name><name sortKey="Kwok, Ron" sort="Kwok, Ron" uniqKey="Kwok R" first="Ron" last="Kwok">Ron Kwok</name><name sortKey="Lindsay, Ron" sort="Lindsay, Ron" uniqKey="Lindsay R" first="Ron" last="Lindsay">Ron Lindsay</name><name sortKey="Maslowski, Wieslaw" sort="Maslowski, Wieslaw" uniqKey="Maslowski W" first="Wieslaw" last="Maslowski">Wieslaw Maslowski</name><name sortKey="Nguyen, An T" sort="Nguyen, An T" uniqKey="Nguyen A" first="An T." last="Nguyen">An T. Nguyen</name><name sortKey="Proshutinsky, Andrey" sort="Proshutinsky, Andrey" uniqKey="Proshutinsky A" first="Andrey" last="Proshutinsky">Andrey Proshutinsky</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Jinlun" sort="Zhang, Jinlun" uniqKey="Zhang J" first="Jinlun" last="Zhang">Jinlun Zhang</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Aksenov, Yevgeny" sort="Aksenov, Yevgeny" uniqKey="Aksenov Y" first="Yevgeny" last="Aksenov">Yevgeny Aksenov</name></noRegion><name sortKey="De Cuevas, Beverly" sort="De Cuevas, Beverly" uniqKey="De Cuevas B" first="Beverly" last="De Cuevas">Beverly De Cuevas</name></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Haas, Christian" sort="Haas, Christian" uniqKey="Haas C" first="Christian" last="Haas">Christian Haas</name></noRegion></country><country name="Russie"><region name="District fédéral central"><name sortKey="Diansky, Nikolay" sort="Diansky, Nikolay" uniqKey="Diansky N" first="Nikolay" last="Diansky">Nikolay Diansky</name></region><name sortKey="Ashik, Igor" sort="Ashik, Igor" uniqKey="Ashik I" first="Igor" last="Ashik">Igor Ashik</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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